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Snake Bites in Cats
Written By hannah hollinger
Published: 01/09/2017Updated: 10/08/2021
Veterinary reviewed by Dr. Linda Simon, MVB MRCVS
What are Snake Bites?
In general, nonvenomous and venomous snakes tend to have different physical characteristics. Nonvenomous snakes often have round pupils and a rounded head. Venomous snakes usually have elliptical pupils, not unlike a cat's. Their heads are often angled like a diamond or triangle. Most snakes in North America are not venomous. A bite from a nonvenomous snake can still be harmful to a cat, as snakes often carry infection-causing bacteria and a great number of parasites from feeding on dead animals. Snakes need warm weather to function as they are cold blooded. In colder climates, they hibernate during the winter and come out in late spring. Venomous snakes who have just woken from hibernation may carry greater volumes of toxins than at other times of the year. In warmer climates, snakes pose a threat year-round.
Snakes are reptiles that most cats consider as prey. A cat's natural instinct is to curiously investigate a snake, and even to pursue, hunt, and attack the animal. This can end poorly for the cat, as many snakes will bite when they feel threatened. Both venomous and nonvenomous snakes can bite. A venomous snake has the ability to inject powerful toxins into its victim's body that have the potential to be lethal. These include hemotoxins (affecting the blood), neurotoxins (affecting the central nervous system) and cytotoxins (affecting the cells of the body). A venomous bite from a snake can cause kidney failure, tissue death, adverse allergic reaction, and paralysis. Not every bite from a venomous snake involves a release of toxins.
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Symptoms of Snake Bites in Cats
The wound caused by a snake bite will vary greatly based on the type and size of the snake itself. Venomous snakes tend to leave two large puncture wounds in the flesh from their fangs. Nonvenomous snakes leave more of a horseshoe shape of smaller incisions. Not all bites are visible, especially in cats with long fur, and some bites do not puncture the skin. Symptoms may worsen as time passes. Signs to watch for include:
  • Swelling
  • Puncture wounds
  • Bleeding
  • Trembling 
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea 
  • Weakness
  • Ataxia (unbalanced gait)
  • Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
  • Cyanosis of the gums
  • Ptosis (drooping eyelids)
  • Dilated pupils 
  • Hematuria (blood in urine)
  • Paralysis 
  • Coma
Causes of Snake Bites in Cats
A cat who is allowed any outdoor exploration may at some point come in contact with a snake. If the snake feels threatened by the confrontation, a bite may follow. Possible causes are listed below.
  • Venturing into areas with long grass
  • Exposure to rural surroundings
  • Hunting or chasing a snake
Diagnosis of Snake Bites in Cats
Unless you are an expert on snakes and you witnessed the bite take place, it is best to treat any snake bite as potentially venomous. Rush the cat to a veterinary clinic or animal hospital immediately so that life saving treatment can be administered. Call ahead to verify if the center you are going to carries antivenin on hand, and get a referral to somewhere that does if they do not. Keep the cat laying down and prevent movement. Try to position the bite area below the cat's heart. A pressure wrap, but not a tourniquet, may be used to slow the cat's circulation.
Once you have arrived at the hospital or clinic, be prepared to answer questions about the location and environment your cat may have been in when bitten. If you saw the snake, try to remember details about its appearance to help identify what type it was. Some centers in areas venomous snakes are known to inhabit may carry a snake venom test kit to further assist with snake identification. Full blood work will be needed, including a complete blood count and a biochemical profile. The time it takes for the cat's blood to clot may be measured. The vet may take note of fibrinogen (clotting protein) and platelet counts. 
Differentiation may be needed from other type of bites and wounds. Cultures may be performed to see if any bacterial infections are developing. A fecal exam may help confirm whether parasites are present. All of these tests and evaluations may be performed while the cat is already receiving supportive care.
Treatment of Snake Bites in Cats
In venomous snake bites, the goal of treatment will be to reverse the effects of the venom on the cat's body. In all snake bites the prevention and treatment of infection may be needed. 
Supportive Care 
Stabilization of the cat can greatly help its ability to survive a venomous bite. Hospitalization is required for this care, as intravenous fluids and feeding tubes may be required. Oxygen supplementation can assist in cases when the cat is having trouble breathing. 
Antivenin 
If it has been determined that the cat has been bitten by a venomous snake, the corresponding antivenin should be administered. It may take more than one vial to counteract the effects of the venom. Some cats develop allergic reactions to the antivenin.
Antibiotics 
As snake bites tend to be very unclean, antibiotics are often prescribed to rid the body of any harmful bacteria that may have been left by the snake. These prescriptions generally last from 1-4 weeks.

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Recovery of Snake Bites in Cats
It takes most cats a minimum of one to two days to recover from a venomous snake bite with antivenin treatment. If immediate treatment has not been given, venomous bites are often fatal. Once discharged from the hospital, monitor the cat for any worsening in its condition. Keep the cat's activity lowered throughout the healing process. 
Administer all medications as prescribed by your veterinarian. The faster that treatment was received, the better chance the cat has of surviving a venomous snake bite. It may be best to keep cats indoors to prevent possible snake encounters. If you do allow your cat outdoors, do your best to eliminate things that attract snakes, such as piles of wood or long grass. Get to know what snakes live in your area and what they look like. 
Snake Bites Average Cost
From 241 quotes ranging from $500 - $6,000
Average Cost
$3,000
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Snake Bites Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
domestic short-hair
Winston
9 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Wound
My cat was bitten by a snake some time Wednesday on his left front paw, as soon as I let him inside I noticed his leg and paw were swollen and his paw was bleeding. I immediately brought him to the vet where they say it was a snake bite. I did not and have not seen a snake so have no clue as to what kind it could have been. We’re in south Louisiana and have a pond in our back yard. As soon as the vet touched his paw the fur came right off. The spot is small but has exposed pink skin/tissue around one claw. They gave him a steroid shot and sent me home with a liquid antibiotics to take once daily for 14 days and want to see him back at the vet in a week. It should be noted that he is also a diabetic. When we got home from the vet he ate a little but ended up throwing it all back up. He drank a more water than usual too. However, later that night he ate great and I have him his insulin shot. He’s been eating good since and hasn’t seemed to be thrown off balance with his insulin. Thursday the swelling had gone down but the leg/paw area where still slightly larger than his other one. He has continued to use the bathroom regularly as well. He’s seemed like his normal self this whole time. Today is now Friday and the swelling looks to be gone but the exposed skin/tissue is now black looking. My question is does that mean the tissue is dead? The vet said the area could get worst and or larger before it got better. Should I expect it to get worst or does it sound like he’s on the mend? Can he recover from this? Or could this still be a life threatening problem?
July 27, 2018
0 Recommendations
Without examining Winston’s paw I cannot determine whether the black tissue is necrotic or if it is just really dark bruising; if the puncture wounds are turning black I would recommend you pop into your Veterinarian for a quick look to be on the safe side to ensure that all the tissue around the puncture wounds are still viable tissue. Prognosis is favourable when treated promptly and quickly but there may be complications which need to be addressed. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
July 28, 2018
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feliaon
lilla & maxie name from my wife's soaps
2 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Convultions And Foamingat Mouth
we live in rural area of smokey mts TN, we had 2 female cats that was indoor -- outdoor cats about 2 years old each about 8 to 10 pounds ea. I found them under the sun deck about 12' apart, we have copper heads, rattle snakes and other venomous snakes. both had the following symptoms, Stretched out on their side, stiff, bowed backs backwards (not like a Halloween cat pics.)but opposite, violently convulsing, their eyes twitching left to right, and foaming at the mouth. both were fixed, and had all there shots. What should I have done not Knowing how long they were like this? it was bad and a hard & emotional decision on what to do. Im married and my wife and I love our animals very much. If you want to know what decision I made and outcome, this was a few weeks ago my email wwwthewoodkeeper@gmail.com.
July 17, 2018
0 Recommendations
With any case of suspected snake envenomation it is important to get to a Veterinarian immediately as supportive and symptomatic care can be given and in some cases antivenom may be given too; to the the effects of venom there is little that can normally be done at home plus the risk of secondary infections is very high even for non-venomous snakes. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM www.msdvetmanual.com/toxicology/snakebite/overview-of-snakebite
July 17, 2018
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Calico
Binx
2 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Weakness
Wanting to know if we have done all we can to to speed up her healing or if its going to heal after a steroid s ot and 2 diff antibiotics in yhe last 3 day. We just now seen the fang marks on her nose and feel for sure it was a snake bite. She went missing for a day and when found took immediately to the vet. She had a fever of 106, swelling in the face and neck along with puss coming out. We had to take her back 2 days later to get her dehydrated. This makes yhe 4th day and she is now drinking some water but has trouble. She has not eaten since and we have tried diff soft cat food. Her tounge still hangs out and she still breaths through her mouth.
July 2, 2018
0 Recommendations
Four days post bite is still a very short period time and there is much more recovery which will be needed, however if you have venomous snakes in your area you should call your Veterinarian about envenomation if it wasn’t a concern before; apart from that continue to give supportive and symptomatic care, the swelling will go down with time and she should be able to start breathing through her nose. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
July 2, 2018
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Kitten
Stormie
15 Weeks

1 found this helpful

1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Wound
Mouth Disforma
My kitten was lost for 3 days he is found today he has white flaky stuff over him a big gash looks like a hole that contains white substance inside and his mouth does not look the same, I’m scared to let him inside around the other animals, What can this be?
June 1, 2018
Answered by Dr. Michele K. DVM
1 Recommendations
WIthout knowing what happened to Stormie, I can't comment on what might be going on with him, but that poor little guy! Since he was lost, and came home, he needs to be seen by a veterinarian right away to see what might be happening with him, and get any treatment that he might need. In the meantime, make sure that he is safe, and has food and water.
June 1, 2018
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Maincoon/Tabby
Tigger
9 Years

1 found this helpful

1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Weakness
Weakness Having Trouble Walking
Weakness Having Trouble Walking.
My cat was bitten by some kind of snake not quite sure what kind it was. His face is swollen and he is having trouble eating and drinking and his having trouble walking. Is there anything that I can do for him since I don't have the money to take him for all the tests and antivenom.
May 20, 2018
1 Recommendations
Ideally you should visit your Veterinarian since even non-venomous snakes may cause serious complications due to secondary infection. You should bathe the area of the bite wound with a dilute antiseptic and give 5mg of cetirizine to help with the reaction; but I strongly advise visiting a Veterinarian regardless of cost especially if you have venomous snakes in your area. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
May 21, 2018
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Gray Tabby
Nix
6 Months

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Face Swelling
My 6 month old kitten Nix found a baby diamondback rattlesnake this morning and got bit on the bridge of her nose. Theres two small punctures and it bled for a bit then stopped, now her face is swollen but she is still eating ,drinking and running around with our dogs playing and is still as lovable as usual although slightly jumpy at fast movements around her. Can a baby rattlesnake puncture the cartlidge on a kittens nose? I live in the mountains of california off grid with no car to get to town and am on disability so cant get to a vet either. Is there anything I can do at home? What signs should I be looking for? My husband got it away from her and killed it but it had already bit her that one time. What should I do ?
Bombay
Celo
4 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
None
Two nights ago I noticed what looked like a cyst on my cats head. I originally thought the drainage was left from one of my cats prey. My cat I an indoor and outdoor cat. He hasn’t really wanted to go outside since I discovered this area on his head. He hasn’t really had symptoms other than this cyst like thing on his head. I drained it and cleaned it really good. Originally i only noticed one hole. It’s been two days since I originally noticed this spot. Today I drained it and cleaned it again and I noticed two medium sized holes on this spot, congruent with a snake bite. The drainage is a whitish pink puss but doesn’t have a smell at all. Once I get the puss out it’s followed by blood. I have cleaned it well with alcohol and applied neosporin to it. I’m just concerned about the potential for infection and just wondering what I should do. My vet is closed until Monday and I’m wanting to make sure I’m ok to wait until then.
American short tail mix breed
No Name
1 Year

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Lethargic, Slow Paralasys
We've had two cats found dead in the morning. Although we have only one inside cat, we have a large number of outside strays we are feeding. The two cats were part of this group. The first one a mama cat, about a year and a halt to two years of age, the second a young one 6 months to a year of age. Needless to say in review of security cameras both incidents took place at night. We live in a rural area and over an hour from the closest animal hospital. Both cats arrived at their water dish, drank and would lay down, get up and move a short way and lay down again. Showing signs of paralyses starting with the tail and back legs. Finally followed by death. The older cat Was alert and continued to move from one spot to the next but died in about an hour. The younger cat did the same thing but took 3 - 4 hours before passing. This all took place late at night, between 2AM and 5AM. The setting is a rural area with woods. There are a wide assortment of snakes including wood rattlers, as well as numerous spiders, ticks, and stinging insects. While given the time frame there wasn't anything known at the time, and only after the fact because of security footage. The most I can advise anyone, use security cameras to monitor your property. If any mice are found, odds are there are snakes, they eat small rodents and bugs. Always use caution. If you use any chemicals as a snake deterrent, use a spray to lessen any chance animals will ingest it. Keep grass cut short and trimmed as well as keeping the area free of anything snakes may hide under. Remember, in hot weather snakes will seek cool dark places, the same ones outdoor animals may find. If it gets cool, they will sun themselves and be out in the open more presenting a greater danger to pets.
domestic short hair
Mango
1 Year

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Swollen Face,
Swollen Face, 2 Possible Punctures
I came home from work and one of my outside cats has a very swollen face and possibly 2 puncture wounds on nose between his eyes. He is 1 yr old and neutered. None of the other cats seem to have any swelling. Not sure what got him, but I gave him a benedryl. It is Sunday and I live in a very small town. I plan to watch him for now. He is eating fine, but his eyes are swollen a lot and he seems a little off. Not really disoriented but maybe a little wobbly. Just any advice for me would be greatly appreciated. I cannot get to an emergency vet right now, nor could I afford it. I was adopted by this cat and his 3 siblings last year. The mother cat brought me 4 more last month. I have my hands full, so any advice would help. I gave him 1 benedryl about 30 min ago and he is just hanging out right now.
ginger
Merlin
6 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Agressive, Forgetful, Meowing
My 6 year old ginger cat Merlin was bitten by a brown snake just after Christmas. I am in Victoria Australia. He has recovered ok after spending a week in hospital. However I am noticing some changes in his personality since then, is this normal. He is not the same as before. He has become agressive, and hides under the bed, he also seems to forget where things like his food and litter are. A month after his bite he actually brought a snake into the house. If I let him outside he runs off and is gone til late at night.
Snake Bites Average Cost
From 241 quotes ranging from $500 - $6,000
Average Cost
$3,000

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