Excessive licking is a compulsive behavior which can affect any dog, of either gender, of any age and of any breed.  While it is a behavior which can drive a pet parent crazy, it is not without its serious side.  While some canines who lick compulsively do so due to anxiety, there are also some underlying systemic causes which must be addressed to protect your pet.

Excessive licking is the compulsive licking of any surface for a period of time which is longer than is needed for exploratory or investigative purposes.

Please note, this article is not focused on dog's who lick their own skin obsessively, which tends to be due to a dermatitis.

The symptoms of excessive licking are precisely what the name suggests -- compulsive and extreme amounts of time spent licking and it can be virtually anything in sight or within reach.  Here are some things you might notice in this area:

Types 

There are two types of excessive licking categories:

The excessive licking behavior in dogs has been, for many years, attributed to anxiety and stress release.  While this may be the case for some canines, recent research has suggested that gastrointestinal issues may actually be a major factor in the development of the behavior for many canines.  One such study was done in Montreal using 19 canines who were suffering from excessive licking of surfaces.  Fourteen (14) of the nineteen (19) were found to have gastrointestinal issues, like:

Since this behavior could be behavioral or neurological as well as systemic, a multi-step diagnostic approach may be required by your veterinary professional.  Of course, your input will be very important as he assesses your family pet’s condition.  Your input will be needed regarding your pet’s dietary regimen, husbandry habits, health history and vaccinations (if that information is not readily available to the attending vet),  exercise routine and frequency, urinating and defecating habits and behaviors and any changes in any behaviors noted and the duration of those changes. Behavioral changes are generally a signal that your pet could be sick or that something is amiss in his life. 

Your vet will perform a physical and neurological examination and will need to order some testing based on his findings in that examination. He will also need to do some testing to rule out as many of the systemic causes for any potential skin infections or deeper internal abnormalities as possible.  You should expect him to order blood testing, urine and fecal samples, perhaps tissue scrapings from abraded areas and even some imaging studies like x-ray, CT scanning or MRI studies.  Depending on his assessment, he may also need to order a behavioural review of your pet to assess any underlying anxiety.

With the newer research into the gastrointestinal component, your vet may wish to do a gastric work up on your pet to look for those causes. It is important to note that, if your pet is licking carpet, furniture and other fibrous surfaces, he may be ingesting fibers and hairs which can cause digestive issues that can realist in intestinal blockages.  Your vet may wish to look into that possibility as well, especially if your dog is also showing signs such as weight loss or vomiting.

Once your veterinary professional has completed his assessment of your family pet, an appropriate treatment plan will be developed and initiated.  The treatment plan will, of course, be dependent upon the findings in the various examinations and testing of your pet.  If underlying systemic causes are found, expect that your vet’s primary concern will be to treat those underlying systemic diseases and conditions for the safety and health of your pet.  These steps might include:

Excessive licking in dogs is definitely a health concern as well as an annoying behavior for pet parents.  If you have a canine family member who is afflicted with this behavior, it is important to understand that it may not completely go away forever.  If there is an underlying health condition which needs to be addressed, and that condition is addressed, then the prognosis is better for improvement in the behavior.  If it is determined to be a result of something in the environment or changes in home routines, the licking could be temporary if those ongoing recommendations aren’t continued.  The important point here is to get your family pet evaluated so that any underlying conditions are found and treated.

Excessive licking could be a symptom of a serious medical condition. . To avoid high vet care expenses, secure pet health insurance today. The sooner you insure your pet, the more protection you’ll have from unexpected vet costs.