Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
Written By hannah hollinger
Published: 04/28/2016Updated: 05/13/2021
Veterinary reviewed by Michele K.
Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs - Signs, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
What is Bacterial Infection of the Skin?
Many species of bacteria normally reside on the skin of dogs without causing any signs. Infection develops when conditions create an environment where bacteria can proliferate. This could be a flea infestation, an allergic reaction, a wound, or an underlying disease that depletes the immune system. Many different types of bacteria may be involved, but the most common species associated with pyoderma in dogs is staphylococcus pseudointermedius. The name pyoderma comes from the Greek words for “pus” and “skin,” so this term refers to any bacterial skin infection that exudes pus. Dogs may have red itchy patches of pustules that seep blood and discharge when they break. Severe infections may develop into painful ulcerations and boils. Bacteria flourish in moist conditions, so many pyoderma infections are caused by another condition that adds oil and moisture to the skin. Signs are more often found in the skin folds, or around areas of broken irritated skin. One-time infections are often treatable with antibiotics, but some dogs may have recurrent symptoms due to an allergy or an endocrine imbalance like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease. In this case, the underlying condition will also need to be treated. Recurrent infections can be more problematic, especially if they lead to the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Dogs can develop an infection when normal bacteria in the skin proliferate excessively. Infected dogs can have areas of redness, rash-like pustules, and hair loss.
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Symptoms of Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
Signs can range from mild irritation to severe and painful infection. See your veterinarian if you notice any of the following signs.
  • Pimple-like pustules on the skin
  • Dry patches of flaking skin
  • Itching
  • Crusted skin
  • Infected hair follicles
  • Alopecia (hair loss)
  • Hair standing on end
  • Seeping of blood or pus
  • Swelling or ulcerated skin
  • Odor
Types
Veterinarians use several different terms to define types of pyoderma.
  • Simple – a one-time response
  • Complex – infections that are recurrent or associated with an underlying disease
  • Focal – infection developing in a specific area
  • Generalized – covering the entire body
  • Superficial – infection of the epidermis (outer layer of the skin) and hair follicles
  • Deep – more severe infection involving the dermis (deeper layer of the skin)
Causes of Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
Pyoderma can be associated with many different conditions and veterinarians often struggle to find the exact cause. The following conditions are often related.
  • Flea infection
  • Allergic reaction
  • Any chronic form of dermatitis
  • Fungal or yeast infection (Malassezia)
  • Wound
  • Broken skin from scratching
  • Poor grooming
  • Endocrine imbalance that reduces lymphocyte counts like Cushing’s disease (hyperadrenocorticism), and hypothyroidism
  • Hereditary (some dogs are more prone to developing infection)
Diagnosis of Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
The veterinarian will perform a complete physical examination. Signs of skin infection will suggest pyoderma. Blood and urine tests will help to determine the underlying cause. Cell cultures may be taken of the infected area and examined microscopically to determine what organisms are present. Malassezia fungal infections are commonly found concurrent with bacterial pyoderma. The veterinarian will also check for the presence other parasites. In some cases, the culture may be sent to a lab to analyze the bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics and determine the best treatment.
The veterinarian will need to know your dog’s medical history and current medications. If your dog is taking a steroid, or another medication that suppresses the immune system this is important since it will limit the effectiveness of an antibiotic. Any prior skin infections or treatment with antibiotics is also relevant.
Treatment of Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
Most dogs with pyoderma will be treated with an oral antibiotic as well as topical sprays and shampoos. Many different antibiotics may be prescribed. The veterinarian will choose the one that best fits your dog’s infection. Antibiotic treatment will last from 2 to 6 weeks. Your dog will need to continue taking the medication at least a week after the symptoms of infection have been resolved in order to ensure that bacteria don’t survive and develop resistance.
Your will need to bathe your dog with a medicated shampoo several times a week during treatment. Dogs with severe, deep, pyoderma may need to be shampooed daily. Your veterinarian may prescribe a shampoo containing benzoyl peroxide, chlorhexidine, or another antiseptic agent. A topical antibacterial ointment or spray will likely be prescribed also.
To avoid recurrence, treatment will also need to focus on the underlying cause. The veterinarian will prescribe medication to treat hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease. Different treatment could be needed depending on the cause of these conditions. If a food allergy is suspected, the veterinarian may recommend a diet change or suggest eliminating different foods to find the cause of the allergy. Treatment may also be needed for fungal infection, parasites, or fleas.
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Recovery of Bacterial Infection of the Skin in Dogs
Pyoderma is not a life-threatening problem, but it can cause your dog a lot of pain and discomfort. Fortunately, most infections are treatable, and it is likely your dog will make a full recovery. Chronic and recurrent infections without a known cause can pose more of a problem. Regular bathing and grooming can help, as well as washing your dog’s bedding frequently. Some dogs may need to follow a strict diet to avoid an allergic reaction. Others may need lifelong medication to treat an endocrine imbalance. If this is the case, frequent check-ups will be necessary so the veterinarian can monitor your dog’s condition and adjust the dosage.
Bacterial Infection of the Skin Average Cost
From 74 quotes ranging from $250 - $2,500
Average Cost
$350
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Bacterial Infection of the Skin Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
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Pit Bull
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dog-age-icon
Four Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Redness, Scabs On Snout
My dog is lethargic and also has painful scabs on her nose that came overnight. It extends to under her eye
July 12, 2020
Answered by Dr. Sara O. DVM
0 Recommendations
Hello, So sorry to hear about your dog. These scabs could be many different things. Allergies can commonly cause these and so can an infection. It would be best for your vet to see your dog. They can start her on medication to help her feel much better. You can try to clean this area at home and avoid getting anything into the eyes. I hope your dog starts to feel better soon.
July 12, 2020
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Golden Lab Mix
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Eve
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5 Years
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1 found this helpful

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1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Redness
Sores
Red Bumps
Pimples
My dog eve has been fighting pyoderma for almost 6 months. it started as redness of the skin then progressed to bumps, then pimples, and eventually forming sores as soon as the sores came about i thought this isn't a rash and took her to the vet. where i had a skin scraping done that came back negative, and a skin impression that came back negative as well. I was told to use Douxo Chlorohexidine Mousse and apply it everywhere the bumps/sores where every other day for 2 weeks. It only seemed to irritate it more. So we went back after 2 weeks ,and where prescribed cephalexin 500mg 2 caps every 12 hrs as well as predisone 10mg 1 tablet every 24 hrs. It seemed to start working and after 3 weeks it was gone. About a week after that the bumps appeared again ,and the process started over i took her to a different vet gave them all records they performed the tests again and without saying if they found anything or not Prescribed a very strong antibiotic, zeniquin 100mg 1 tab every 24 hrs for two weeks.It began to clear up and stayed clear for 2 weeks this time and i was giving her a bath today (With HexaChlor-K Shampoo) and saw that they were back again. Do you have any advice on what i can do? Anything at this point will help. Thank-you.
Sept. 23, 2018
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Jack Russell Terrier
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Lotus
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1 Year
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Itching, Biting,Shivering
My dogs has been on 3 different antibiotics now and her paws are just not getting any better she's also on a special flea medicine she's been on the same food for months now and has never had a reaction so I'm confused if it is a food allergy I'm going to buy medicated shampoo today iv tried an epsom salt bath iv tried essential oil peppermint I just can't find the root cause or understand why it's not going away they said it was bacteria sometimes at night when she sleeps she shivers I'm not sure if that's from her trying not to itch I'm just worried and stressed out about her she is a chiuhuah jack russel dashhound
Sept. 17, 2018
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Scottish Terrier
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Kellen
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10 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Itchy
Itchy Scabs
Itchy Scabs- Pimble/Pus?
Itchy- Scabs- Pimble/Pus?
Itchy Scabs Pimple Pus Missing Hair
We have a Scottie that was supposed to have skin issues due to allergies. We have 3 other dogs and recently the others have shown up with itchy skin. (the dogs have been together for 18 months) The Scootie at times has hair missing and scabs related to being itchy. Today I noticed bumps, so with scabs on 2 of the other dogs
Aug. 26, 2018
0 Recommendations
Without examining Kellen or your other dogs I cannot determine or confirm whether any skin lesions are due to allergies, infections or another cause; if some of your other dogs are presenting with symptoms I would suggest visiting your Veterinarian with them sooner rather than later before the symptoms get more severe. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
Aug. 26, 2018
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Min Pin
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Sydney
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16 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Scale Loss
Loss Of Fur
Scab
My dog has had skin infections in the past and has been treated with convenia injections along with shampoo. Is there a pill that can be used in place of the injection?
July 11, 2018
0 Recommendations
There are many alternatives to a Convenia (cefovecin) injection, your Veterinarian will be able to prescribe a course of oral antibiotics instead of the injection. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
July 12, 2018
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German Shepherd
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Kadin
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10 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Weeping, Hair Loss, Smell
My dog fought a bacterial infection of the skin on top of his rump. It quickly spread to about 2 1/2 inches across. It smelled horrible and caused him to itch constantly. He went to a very great Dr. in our area and received antibiotics. We tried several and nothing worked at all. The area stayed very moist (weeping a thick puss type fluid). In a few days the entire chunk of hair in that area fell in a clump. I hit the internet and read everything I could get my hands on. Believe me you owe it to your dog and yourself to get yourself educated. I immediately threw out his commercial dog food (one of the touted best) and started cooking real food for him. In five weeks all signs were gone and his hair was making a great recovery. That was two years ago. I cook for him every day (large dog so four meals a day). One caution, he will need more volume then he consumed before. I encourage you to have a blood test done to make sure you do not feed him any items he may be allergic to. Also realize there are many food items that are harmful to, and can even kill your dog like chocolate and tomatoes. My fellow eats a balanced diet which includes kale, spinach (both raw or cooked), apples, blueberries, carrots, sweet potatoes and brown rice with roasted chicken or baked fish. Never feed bones of any kind and no spices to include pepper. Love them like family? Then really feed them like family - my family never ate any dog food of any kind! All this may sound a bit daunting. However, you can cook in quantity and it soon becomes no big thing. It is soooooo well worth it.
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Staffordshire Bull Terrier
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Sushi
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10 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Blisters
Raw
Infected Paws
Antibiotic-Resistant
Sometimes Bloody
Wants To Lick Paws
Swollen Foot Pads
Sushi has had an infection on his paws for many months now. raw, blistery, sometimes bloody, and very persistent, we have been fighting the infection with various antibiotics, steroid shots (cytopoint), and apoquel, mostly at the same time. i just did the research on apoquel, and i immediately stopped the medication upon notifying the vet. it seems that nothing is working, so why continue with this particularly nasty and dangerous drug? i have started my own ointment of lavender oil and coconut oil. i have been told turmeric and manuka honey can also help. we did learn that this is a bacterial infection, and it is antibiotic-resistant to his PREVIOUS antibiotics. we found an antibiotic (Zeniquin) that battled the bacteria in a culture, but did not kill it. still raw and sore, Sushi's antibiotics run out soon, and we are out of ideas. he is not himself. would love some help! this is all following a small but malignant cancer removed at his ear this spring (as far as we can tell, it has not returned.) Sushi is almost 10 years old, a stafforshire bull terrier. we miss his crazy self. please respond if you have any ideas. thanks so much!
Bacterial Infection of the Skin Average Cost
From 74 quotes ranging from $250 - $2,500
Average Cost
$350
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