Hospitalization is not typically required for treatment of SIBO. In the absence of a more severe underlying cause, a fast and full recovery is expected.
Medication
The first line of treatment is usually a prescription for antibiotics or antimicrobials to control the growth of bacteria in the small intestine. Symptoms typically subside within a week, but treatment may be continued for several weeks to ensure that bacterial growth has slowed to normal levels. With long-term or chronic antibiotic use, there is a concern regarding the development of antibiotic resistance or the possibility of liver damage. Owners may wish to discuss this with their veterinarian.
Probiotics such as acidophilus and lactobacillus and prebiotics like fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are often recommended to encourage the growth of beneficial bacteria to help restore normal function in the small intestine. If the cat is suffering from long bouts of diarrhea, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance are serious concerns. Vets and owners will need to closely monitor affected cats and additional medication may be administered to treat the condition.
Diet Changes
Your veterinarian is likely to recommend that you make changes to your cat’s diet to aid in healing. Foods that are highly digestible and low in fiber tend to work best for affected cats. Owners should closely follow veterinarian recommendations and changes should not be made without prior consultation.
Treatment of Underlying Conditions
If it is determined that SIBO is caused by a pancreatic inefficiency, enzyme replacements should be added to the food. This is often necessary for the remainder of the animal’s life. Vitamin supplements are often necessary to correct deficiencies that may develop as a result of pancreatic conditions. Vitamin K plays an important role in blood clotting and a shortage can cause bleeding problems. Vitamin B12 deficiency must also be corrected in order for animals to properly respond to treatment and survive. Owners should always consult a veterinarian before administering supplements or any other medications.