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Colitis in Dogs
What are Colitis?
Colitis in dogs is the inflammation of the colon and can also be called large bowel diarrhea. Dogs suffering from this condition may present with increased frequency of defecation, and blood or mucous in the stools.
Colitis can be either chronic or acute in onset, and can be caused by a range of factors including parasitic infection, stress or dietary intolerances. Although relapses are common in this condition your veterinarian will be able to assist you in the most effective plan to manage this condition.
Colitis Average Cost
From 352 quotes ranging from $300 - $2,000
Average Cost
$8,000

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Symptoms of Colitis in Dogs
Symptoms of colitis include:
  • Diarrhea or loose stools
  • Blood present in the stools 
  • Straining prior to or following defecation
  • Vomiting 
  • Increased frequency of defecation with decreased volume 

Types 
Colitis can be broken into four different forms.
Lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis - This is characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells into the mucosal lining of the small intestine resulting in inflammation; breed bias seems to be towards German Shepherds, Lundehunds, and Basenjis
Neutrophilic or ulcerative colitis - This is characterized by the infiltration of neutrophils from the circulation into the mucosal lining of the small intestine
Eosinophilic colitis - This is thought to be incited by infection, parasites or food allergies; this form of colitis appears to affect predominantly younger dogs and is characterized by the increase of eosinophils present in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract
Granulomatous colitis - This is a breed-specific inflammatory bowel disease that affects young Boxer dogs
Causes of Colitis in Dogs
Colitis can be caused by several factors, including:
  • Breed disposition
  • Parasitic infection
  • Dietary intolerances or allergies
  • Stress
  • Bacterial infection
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
Diagnosis of Colitis in Dogs
Your veterinarian will perform a full clinical examination and ask questions to establish a complete clinical history for your dog. Your veterinarian may palpate the rectal area and inspect the feces for evidence of parasitic infection. The following diagnosis investigations can assist in confirming or excluding the diagnosis of bacterial or parasitic infection or clostridial colitis:
  • Fecal smears for bacterial or parasitic infection
  • Fecal flotation for parasite identification 
  • Culture for bacteria 
As food sensitivities can be a common cause of chronic colitis in dogs, your veterinarian may recommend your pet is placed on a diet free of high allergen foods. If your pet’s clinical signs decrease on this diet, a diagnosis of food allergy may be made. 
If clinical signs continue or worsen on this diet, further diagnostic tests will be necessary. The following diagnostic tests may be performed:
  • Hematology investigations - complete blood count and biochemical profile
  • Abdominal radiographs to visualize the gastrointestinal tract 
  • Ultrasonography
  • Colonoscopy
Treatment of Colitis in Dogs
Treatments for colitis can include:
Parasitic control
Deworming treatment should be given and repeated 3 weeks from first dose even if diagnostic tests show no parasitic infection
Nutrition
In order to allow your pet’s gastrointestinal system time to heal and recover food may initially be withheld for up to 2 days. Following this, the introduction of fiber may be beneficial for your pet due to it’s ability to slow luminal transit time, reducing fecal water, increasing fecal bulk and possibly reducing diarrhea. If your veterinarian suspects a food sensitivity may have caused the colitis, a novel protein diet may be introduced to your pet. This diet should only contain novel ingredients that have not previously been fed to your dog such as venison or rabbit. 
Home made diets are considered the gold standard when eliminating proteins from a pet’s diet, however, these can be time consuming and difficult to prepare. There are a range of commercially available diets your veterinarian will be able to recommend, such as novel protein diets or hydrolyzed diets.
Medication
Metronidazole may be given to your pet due to it’s ability to inhibit cell-mediated immunity. Glucocorticoids may be used therapeutically for your dog in order to suppress the immune response and inflammation.
Loperamide may be used due to it’s ability to slow excretion, decreases colonic secretion, and increase water absorption. This will be used with caution and only if infectious colitis has been ruled out. Enrofloxacin may be used for antibiotic therapy for Boxer dogs suffering from granulomatous colitis.

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Recovery of Colitis in Dogs
The prognosis is varied depending on the form of colitis your pet is suffering from. The short term prognosis for dogs who are suffering from chronic colitis is good, however, recurrent relapses are likely. Long-term novel protein diets can be beneficial for pets, although in some cases allergies may develop over time to proteins. If this occurs it may be necessary to discuss circulating different protein sources in your companion’s diet.
Unfortunately for canines that have a genetic disposition to the disease the prognosis is grave; for Boxers suffering from histiocytic colitis recovery is unlikely unless treatment is started very early in the disease. The prognosis for Basenjis suffering from immunoproliferative enteropathy and Lundehunds suffering from diarrheal syndrome is also poor.
Colitis Average Cost
From 352 quotes ranging from $300 - $2,000
Average Cost
$8,000
Top
Colitis Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
Staffordshire Bull Terrier
Four Years

2 found this helpful

2 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Blood In Stool
A couple days ago I noticed my outdoor dog was pooping more frequently in smaller amounts. She seems to strain a bit during these bowel movements but is otherwise behaving normally. I noticed a streak of bloody-like mucus was present in BMs and yesterday she vomited. Other than a slight loss of energy, she seems normal. We recently upgraded her diet last week to a quality grain-free dog food that she seems to love. She still has an appetite, and is eating and drinking like normal. We have a vet appointment scheduled for tomorrow, but should I be worried and move up the appointment?
July 23, 2020
Answered by Dr. Michele K. DVM
2 Recommendations
Thank you for your question. As long as she remains bright and active, and there is not more blood in the stool progressively happening, you should be fine to keep the appointment for tomorrow. They will be able to check for any parasites or any kinds of colitis, and get her treatment so that she feels better. If she does start to vomit, becomes lethargic, or you notice a lot more blood in her stool, then it would be best to have her seen right away. I hope that everything goes well for her
July 23, 2020
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Basset Hound
Oliver wendell
6 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
None
My dog is a 6 year old Bassett hound. He has had symptoms of IBS and colitis since we brought him home at 8 weeks old. He’s been on numerous limited diet ingredient foods with no luck. Finally the vet put him on a prescription diet, Hills digestive care I/d. Being on this food has helped improve him symptoms but they are still present. He has frequent bowel movements, straining when having a bowel movement. When we go on walks he has frequent bowel movements, the first couple of BMs are solid and then towards the end of the walk they are watery with mucus present. He then will stop and rub his butt in the grass. My question is, is it wise to switch him from the prescription food? The food is very expensive and I’m not even seeing his symptoms go away. I was thinking of switching to earth born coastal catch food. I’m nervous to do this because his last flare up caused him to have blood in his stool. Should I switch?
June 28, 2018
0 Recommendations
You may try to switch foods, however you may see a worsening of symptoms; it is important to remember that you may never find the ideal diet for Oliver Wendell but you should stay with a diet which causes the minimum amount of symptoms regardless of the cost. These cases are really trial and error with no right answer in many cases and can be frustrating for pet owners; any change in diet is your decision but be prepared for a worsening of symptoms. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
June 29, 2018
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Papillon
Jojo
6 Years

1 found this helpful

1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Frequent Diarrhea,
Our dog is a 6year old papillon For several months she has had colitis we have spent several thousand dollars at the vet and they can not stop it She has never had food allergies, nothing has changed her stress level, the vet says no parasites. We have worked her. They have her on a special canned food diet with probiotics and prednisone. Yet diarrhea persists every few hours
June 18, 2018

Answered by Dr. Michele K. DVM
1 Recommendations
I'm sorry that Jojo is having this problem. It may be time to seek the advice of an internal medicine specialist to see if they are able to help her. She may need intestinal biopsies, or further diagnostics as I am not sure what testing has been done. If things aren't improving for her, you can request a referral from your veterinarian. I hope that you are able to resolve her problem.
June 18, 2018
14 y.o. papillon with chronic, recurrent loose stools, weight loss. Pancreatitis? Inflammatory bowel disease? Usually responds to prednisone, but I don’t want to keep giving them due to bad side effects.
July 24, 2018
David V.
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Ausky
Linus
1 Year

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My dog (and the other 3) had diarrhea and were treated with antibiotics. Clostridium was found in the smear. All recovered but my youngest (1.5 yrs) now has diarrhea again and is only slightly improving with a second round of antibiotics. He was dewormed the first time and the vet found nothing in the second smear and float. Is playful and acting normal with good appetite and water ingestion. Any thoughts on what this is?
May 26, 2018
Answered by Dr. Michele K. DVM
0 Recommendations
If Linus is otherwise normal, he may have eaten something that he wasn't supposed to, and this episode may be unrelated to the last. Since you veterinarian didn't find a definitive reason for the diarrhea, probiotics may help, and that is something that you can call and ask your veterinarian about using, since I cannot examine him.
May 26, 2018
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Cocker Spaniel
Hamish
5 Years

1 found this helpful

1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Diarrhea
We adopted my dog a year ago so we don’t really know too much about his background. Every month or two, he gets watery diarrhea that he can’t control and it usually lasts 24 hours. We took him to the vet 7 months ago for it because blood was coming out and they did a stool sample and said everything was normal. They wanted to do a liver test but said it wasn’t completely needed so we skipped it. He was good for 6 months after the vet visit, however in February it happened again and it happened again last night. It usually only happens for a night or two at the worst and he experiences no other symptoms so I don’t know what to do! He’s on the same food we were given at the pound we adopted him from.
April 7, 2018
1 Recommendations
There are many different possible causes for these symptoms which may include diet, stress, infections, parasites, foreign objects, poisoning among other conditions; further testing would be useful in order to help narrow in on a diagnosis which may include blood tests, x-ray or ultrasound. You may also consider changing the diet slowly to a restricted ingredient sensitive diet to see if there are any signs of improvement. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
April 7, 2018
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Mini Schnauzer Chin
Bo
4 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Lethargy
Vomiting
For the past week she hasn’t been eating her dog food, or she’ll eat it very slowly (over the course of hours). She’s had colitis in the past, and she was treated for it, so we’re vigilant. I’ve seen nothing wrong with her stools, and while she’s is lethargic, it’s not as drastic as the last time.
Greyhound
Bella
5 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Diarrhea
Bloody Stool
Pooping Without Success
Our girl ate 3 lemon cupcakes one had frosting. That night, diarrhea. The next day, stool was fine. Suddenly the stool is back to diarrhea. Dog needs to go out every 2 hours, suddenly panting and pacing, whining to go out. When walking, she will have one poop with very little coming out. Mucus like consistency, color ranging from translucent yellow, orange, to normal poop colors, bits with red bloody mucus. She will try a few more times on the walk to go, and nothing else will come out. After a few tries, she's done and back to her normal self. She's running, jumping, playing with toys, wanting attention and affection. Has great appetite still but was recommended to fast for 24-48 hours then provide a bland diet of boiled chicken and rice for 3 days after, gradually adding kibble back into it. We will see if it works or if what she has isn't colitis.
Dalmatian
Michael
15 Years

0 found this helpful

0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Not Eating
Lathergic
My dog has began to act of if he is straining to defecate. Other times he will begin to go to the door to go out and as he is walking small pieces of feces will fall out onto the floor. Now he just went out and when he came in, sat down, and finally got up there was blood on the floor. I checked his anal region and it appears as if there is a large cyst of a large hemorrhoid that was not there before. The bleeding was a very short time, one spot. He is not eating and lethargic.
Jack Russell
Gunner
3 Years

2 found this helpful

2 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Diarrhea
Blood In Stool
My little Gunner has had no issues in the past though for the last few days he has been having diarrhea multiple times a day with bright red blood. He seems his happy self, though has gone off his dinner tonight even though he usually never says no to food. There was an incident 2 days ago that he had an accident inside when we were out doing shopping. We came home to a mess of mucus and what looked like a small amount of clots of blood. We bought home a puppy a week ago though other than that nothing has changed and he seems to live the puppy. Should I be taking him to the vet?
Colitis Average Cost
From 352 quotes ranging from $300 - $2,000
Average Cost
$8,000

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