Orthopedic Surgery in Dogs
Orthopedic Surgery in Dogs - Conditions Treated, Procedure, Efficacy, Recovery, Cost, Considerations, Prevention
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What is Orthopedic Surgery?
Orthopedic surgery is a broad term for surgical repair of the bone or joint. A canine that has broken or fractured a bone due to trauma, or one that is suffering from a congenital condition that affects the joint, may require orthopedic surgery. In order to make surgical corrections to the bone, the dog will be referred to a veterinary specialist with training and the appropriate tools. Orthopedic Surgery is the most effective procedure for correcting an affected bone or joint and returning the patient to a normal state of health. Orthopedic surgery requires a great deal of recovery and rehabilitation time, plus the cost of surgery itself can be high.
Orthopedic Surgery Procedure in Dogs
Orthopedic surgery, in general, uses surgical procedures that will bring the canine limb back to a normal or near normal state. The orthopedic veterinary surgeon may require the use of bone plates, pins or screws, nylon, casts or an artificial joint to achieve such a goal in orthopedic surgery. A dog that is scheduled to undergo orthopedic surgery will require heavy sedation and supplementary oxygen, as the procedure may take several hours for completion. With that being said, it is crucial for pre-surgical blood work and an overall analysis of the canine to take place. Dogs in a good quality of health are perfect candidates for an surgical orthopedic procedure. Orthopedic surgery includes a number of bone and joint correction surgery types, such as: 
  • Cruciate ligament repair 
  • Arthroscopic joint surgery
  • Hip and elbow dysplasia repair
  • Ligament and tendon reconstruction
  • Limb deformity correction 
  • Minimally-invasive fracture surgery
  • Total elbow replacement
  • Total hip replacement
  • Total knee replacement
Efficacy of Orthopedic Surgery in Dogs
Orthopedic surgery is the most effective form of surgery to correct a canine with a bone injury or joint condition. Completed by an experienced veterinary orthopedic surgeon, a canine’s limb or joint will return to a near normal state. 
Orthopedic Surgery Recovery in Dogs
Orthopedic surgery requires a lengthy recovery and rehabilitation period following surgery. A dog that has undergone orthopedic surgery will require at least two weeks of exercise restrictions. The canine will not be allowed to walk around or engage in any other types of physical activity, which requires constant monitoring from the pet owner. After the initial two weeks, activity limitation will continue for four months after that and physical therapy may be recommended for the canine.  
Cost of Orthopedic Surgery in Dogs
Orthopedic surgery in dogs is costly and can cost pet owners from $100 to $3,000 to have performed. The total cost depends on the type of procedure your veterinarian is performing and the specific condition your dog is suffering from. For an accurate estimate of how much orthopedic surgery will cost for a specific condition, consult the veterinarian. 
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Dog Orthopedic Surgery Considerations
Orthopedic surgery can be pricey and requires several months of recovery time for the canine. If a pet owner is not financially or practically prepared for the time it takes for the canine to recover, these may be issues a pet owner may need to consider. 
Orthopedic Surgery Prevention in Dogs
Preventing the need for orthopedic surgery can be challenging for pet owners, as many causes for bone surgery are related to unexpected injury or hereditary joint conditions. To prevent possible fracture or bone breaks, it is important to practice basic canine safety precautions such as providing a fenced-in yard and using a leash outside the home. Hereditary or congenital causes for a dog to need orthopedic surgery can only be prevented through halting all reproductive practices of canines known to have the condition(s). For canines that are diagnosed with hereditary joint complications, such as hip or elbow dysplasia, orthopedic surgery is the most effective form of treatment for that dog. 
Orthopedic Surgery Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
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Pit bull mix
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Sita
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10 Years
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My 10 year old pit/boxer mix seems to have some orthopedic joint issues and is limping quite a bit. Both back legs and left front. Her vet has informed us that she will more than likely need surgery and has referred us to an orthopedic surgeon. My question is, with my pup being as old as she is, and the normal recovery period being months, do you feel it is wise to have the surgery and will it improve her quality of life? Thanks in advance.
July 7, 2018
0 Recommendations
Without knowing the specific orthopaedic issue which Sita is suffering from or the severity, it is not possible for me to advise on whether surgery would be worthwhile at her age or not. You should think about visiting another Veterinarian in your area for a second opinion to ensure that you’re comfortable with the options that you have so you may make an informed decision. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
July 8, 2018
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German Shepherd
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Mars
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13 Months
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Limping
Hello, my 13 month old rescued GSD mix has been limping on front right paw for several months now. The limping gets worse with exercise/play with other dogs. One vet thought it was a right wrist after barely examining him, second vet determined it was rt shoulder. Xray didn't reveal anything abnormal. He does have wasted muscle on right front rather than on left. The dog does want to do all activities, still bears some weight on rt leg, but can jump, run, play - this limping does not stop him. He never yelps or moves away when I or a vet examined his leg including all joints along the leg and their ROM. Vet now sends to ortho for consult saying what if there is osteochondritis and there is a piece of cartilage that makes my dog limp. My question is this - since xray is normal, only sign is limping and no yelping or dog does not withdraw from any activity - are there any other alternatives? or what other possible Dx could match my dog symptoms? Could limping be painless (just like in humans it could be)? We tried 2 different anti-inflammatories as routine and on as needed basis, I don't see any difference in my dog whether he takes them or not, its the same.Im afraid going to ortho since they are surgeons and definitely more inclined to operate rather than not. I would not want unnecessary surgery.
June 28, 2018
2 Recommendations
Without examining Mars, it is very difficult to weigh in with what the possible cause may be; bone flaps and joint mice are a possible cause but generally if you Google “osteochondritis dissecans dog x-ray” you’ll see many examples of the pathology being easily visible. Nerve damage, musculoskeletal disorders among others may lead to limping; a visit to an Orthopaedic Specialist may still be valuable to get a specialised opinion. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
June 29, 2018
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Mixed
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Kahba
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6 Months
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My pet has the following symptoms:
No Weight Bearing On Left Rear Leg
I recently rescued a small mixed breed. She is approximately 6-9 months young. She is unable to put weight on her back left leg. It was xrayed today showing an old breakin the tibia which was likely not cared for as it did not heal properly. It is not fused together and the bones are off set creating a bone spur. The Vet consulted with an Orthropedic specialist who recommended sawing the and fusing together with a plate and conducting a bone graph.Procedure is estimated at $3800. I asked to speak to the surgeon to inquire about previous outcomes and expected outcome of this procedure only to be told I would have to make all inquiries through this Vet. To me this is a big red flag!!! Looking for any input reference this type of surgery and known outcomes. I intend to get a second opinion, however any insight is appreciated. Thank you
June 19, 2018
0 Recommendations
It really is a case of creating a new break for the bone to heal and set properly in line so that no spurs or any other issues form; generally the surgery is successful and I wouldn’t have any concerns. However, I would recommend asking your Veterinarian for a copy of the x-rays (you paid for them - they’re yours) and either visit another Veterinarian or send them to a telemedicine service for a second opinion (see link below). Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM www.vet-ct.com/ie/small-animal/telemedicine-diagnostics/
June 19, 2018
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Border Collie/Husky/Sheltie
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Fuz
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9 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Rear Leg Shaking
No Weight Baring Rear Right Leg
Loud Yelp At Time Of Injury
My 9 year old collie/husky/sheltie rescue dog was injured on May 30th. I had him seen by my vet the next day where he suspected a CCL rupture with kneecap displacement To confirm the diagnosis, xrays done under sedation of his lower back, hips and rear right leg knee on June 5th. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of a complete right CCL rupture and early arthritic changes in his left hip. My regular vet explained some options to me including a type of ligament repair using "elastic fibres" to try to compensate for the injured ligament. However, he also felt the injury was significant enough that Fuz would need a newer procedure and referred us to an an orthopedic surgeon. Fuz's consult is not until June 25th, nearly a month from the injury. My questions are: Is this a typical amount of time to wait to be seen? Could the wait time cause more damage/injuries to the knee? Fuz is on Onsior 40mg od & Tramadol 100mg bid every 12 hours for pain management. I also purchased a harness by Blue Dog & recommended by the surgeon's clinic to try and support his rear end when he needs to move/walk. It also has a handle at his shoulders to assist him in getting up from lying down. Is there anything else I could do to help him be more comfortable while we wait for the appointment? What about anything I could be doing to try to prevent further injury to the right CCL or left hip while we wait? Thank you very much for your time in reading my inquiries. I look forward to any help/suggestions you can offer?
June 14, 2018
0 Recommendations
The waiting time for some Specialists can be long especially in some areas where some wait times may be longer than a month. Further injury may occur if the joints are stressed, it is important to give Fuz as much rest as possible and assist will all movement including standing, walking etc… Obviously (I say obviously but some people still try to take their dogs on hikes and stuff) you shouldn’t be walking or exercising Fuz during this time to prevent any further injury to the joints. It is also important to reduce caloric intake since there is no activity and it would be good to lose some weight so that there is less weight to carry around. Regards Dr Callum Turner DVM
June 14, 2018
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Rottweiler
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Boo bear
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4 Years
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My pet has the following symptoms:
Leg Trembling And Yelping Getting Up
Leg Trembling And Yelping Getting
My rottie has a neurological shake in his back hind area leg. I read distemper shots can cause this along with him having an x-ray it showed he had arthritis in his both knees. He started yelping one day last week so bad I was alarmed n had gotten him to a vet and had the x-ray done. He gave him rimadyl. But this is a temporary solution. He said the severe yelping he believed could be due to his knees. I really didn't feel confident in his evaluation. He really didn't perform a physical exam but used imaging instead to formulate his diagnosis. He obviously had this arthritis for some time but the yelping has caused me to look further into this now. He is only 41/2 yrs old. Any advice would be greatly appreciated
June 12, 2018
Answered by Dr. Michele K. DVM
0 Recommendations
Arthritis can be quite painful, for dogs and for people, and can cause muscle tremors and shaking due to muscle weakness and pain. Arthritis in large breed dogs is much more common than side effects from distemper vaccinations, and if the x-rays showed that he had arthritis, that is probably accurate. You're right, pain medication does not cure arthritis, but does keep our pets comfortable for the most part. Other things that can help include laser therapy and acupuncture, since he is so young. If you're not sure of the diagnosis, it never hurts to have a second opinion to make sure that that is what is going on.
June 12, 2018
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