Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
Written By Darlene Stott
Published: 11/26/2016Updated: 10/21/2021
Veterinary reviewed by Dr. Linda Simon, MVB MRCVS
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
What is Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity?
Although there have been serious side effects reported in some dogs, if it is prescribed, then the veterinarian believes your dog will benefit from metronidazole. You should always talk to the veterinarian about any side effects or complications before administering them to your pet. The chance of metronidazole toxicity may be low, but it is possible that it could affect your dog in a bad way. There are serious implications with metronidazole, such as neurological injury and hepatotoxicity (liver damage).
Metronidazole, or Flagyl, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal drug that is used in treating many kinds of infections such as diarrheal disorders, giardia, inflammatory bowel disease, and dental infections to name a few. Because it is able to pass through bone, it is often given for oral infections and is a commonly used drug for inflammatory disorders of the large intestine. However, this drug is not approved by the FDA for use in animals, so if your veterinarian prescribes it you should talk about this decision carefully.
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Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity Average Cost
From 569 quotes ranging from $200 - $1,000
Average Cost
$350
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Symptoms of Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
The symptoms of metronidazole toxicity may be immediate, could take several hours, or can even take 7-10 days to show up, depending on the dosage and the cause. Allergic reaction is usually immediate, but with an accidental overdose it may be several days before your dog starts to show any signs of complications. Signs can include:
  • Drooling
  • Gagging
  • Smacking lips
  • Pawing at the mouth
  • Cough
  • Sneezing
  • Runny nose
  • Extreme lethargy
  • Weakness
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Appetite loss
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Hives
  • Dizziness
  • Confusion
  • Agitation
  • Sores inside the mouth or on the lips
  • Watery or bloody diarrhea
  • Loss of balance or coordination
  • Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
  • Inability to walk
  • Irregular heart rate
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Liver damage (yellowing of the eyes and skin, appetite loss, fever, diarrhea, fluid retention)
  • Seizures
  • Death
 Types
  • Overdose occurs when the wrong dose or a double dose is given or if your dog gets into the medication
  • A bad reaction can be from an allergic reaction or drug sensitivity
  • Drug interaction happens when you give your dog metronidazole with another drug that should not be mixed; some of those drugs are warfarin, coumarin, cimetidine, sedatives, phenobarbital, and phenytoin
Causes of Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
  • Accidental overdose
  • Allergy
  • Drug interaction
Diagnosis of Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
Try to bring your medical and shot records and be prepared to explain the reason for your visit in detail. Also, be sure to bring the metronidazole with you and tell the veterinarian if you have given any other medications besides the metronidazole. The veterinarian will need to perform a detailed physical examination, which includes weight, body temperature, reflexes, pupil reaction time, coat and skin condition, breath sounds, heart and respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen level. Some important tests for verifying metronidazole toxicity are a blood test and urine analysis. As signs are often neurological, we may also advise spinal taps and an MRI or CT scan. Your dog will be anesthetized for these procedures for safety. The spinal tap is done by inserting a thin needle into the spinal cord at the back of the neck or lower back and collecting spinal fluid into a tube to be analyzed. The spinal tap will likely show increased protein.
An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) will be done to check the brain function, which may find hemorrhaging and degeneration of the cerebellum. Other tests are usually found to be normal, but the veterinarian will want to do a blood count and serum analysis to check for underlying illness or side effects. In addition, radiographs (x-rays), CT scan, and an ultrasound may be done for further inspection.
Treatment of Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
Treating metronidazole toxicity is done by stopping the medication and treating the symptoms as they occur.
Fluid Therapy
Your dog should already be receiving intravenous (IV) fluids from the earlier procedure. The veterinarian will likely continue the fluids and add nutrients and electrolytes as needed. This will keep your pet from getting dehydrated and flush the kidneys as well.
Medication
The medications your dog is given depends on the symptoms and test results, but they will likely administer diazepam right away. This drug is able to alleviate vestibular dysfunction in animals and shortens the recovery time. However, the average length of recovery time is 12-16 days and may be as long as three weeks.
Hospitalization
The veterinarian will likely suggest your dog be hospitalized for at least 24 hours for observation and supplemental treatment. The length of your dog’s stay depends on the severity of the symptoms and how well your pet responds to treatment.
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Recovery of Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity in Dogs
Recovery from metronidazole toxicity is a long process and depends on the amount of time your dog was on the medication and how much was given or accidentally ingested. Usually, all of the side effects can be reversed and your dog should have no lasting complications as long as your pet received treatment from a veterinary professional. Be sure to follow the veterinarian’s instructions and return for your pet’s follow up appointment for evaluation.
Paying to treat metronidazole toxicity out of pocket can be a major financial burden. Fortunately, most pet insurance companies reimburse claims within 3 days, putting 90% of the bill back in your pocket. In the market for pet insurance? Compare leading pet insurance companies to find the right plan for your pet.
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity Average Cost
From 569 quotes ranging from $200 - $1,000
Average Cost
$350
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Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
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Patterdale Terrier
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Tessa
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13 Years
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0 found this helpful

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0 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Intermittent Fast Breathing
ON 4TH DAY OF 125MG 2X DAY FOR SEVERE DIARRHEA. DIARRHEA IS GONE, DOG IS EATING AND DRINKING NORMALLY. SHE ALSO PLAYEDBALK LAST NIGHT LIKE A PUP!ON 3RD DAY OF TREATMENT SHE STARTED INTERMITTENT VERY FAST BREATHING(ESPECIALLY WHILE LAYING DOWN). SEEMS LIKE ITS WORSE FOR THE FIRST HOURS OF MEDICINE BUT BY END OF 12 HOURS PRETTY MUCH GOES AWAY. SOUNDS LIKE HEART FAILURE AND I KN OW FLAGYL CAN EXACERBATE IT. I JUST WAS WONDERING ABOUT TOXISTITY, SHE HAS NO OTHER SYMTOMS OF IT. NO VET NEAR WHERE I AM AND AM TREATING HER FROM VET INSTRUCTIONS. NO OTHER MEDS AND SHE DOES FEEL A LOT BETTER! JUST WORRIED ABOUT THE. BREATHING THAT I AM NOTICING NOW(might have already been going on before but was worried about diarrhea).
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Shih Tzu
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Kobe
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12 Years
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1 found this helpful

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1 found this helpful

My 12 year old Shih-Tsu began high fevers with no other symptoms. He was hospitalized 3 times for days of fluids and lots of medications. He was put on metronidazole for an unknown infection that caused his liver enzymes to elevate. After a week he was doing better but upon completing his prescription we noticed lethargy, confusion, back legs could not hold him up, walking in circles, and staring at walls. We had to feed him by hand and use a syringe for fluids. He has been prescribed 2 types of blood pressure medication and something for cognitive dysfunction. He has improved in that he can now walk (albeit very wobbly) and is now able to eat and drink on his own. He continues to walk in circles and appears not to know us or be able to see us unless we are very close to him. I'm not sure he will ever be the same. Very sad and confused.
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pointer ( English)
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Alice
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3 Years
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1 found this helpful

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1 found this helpful

I am, a dog exibitor/ breeder/ groomer of 40 years experience. I,m very used to loking at all types of dog. My breed is pointers. 5 years ago, after whelping/spey, my then exceptionally strong healthy 3 old bitch, Alice started with bile-type vomit/bloody diarrhoea.The poo looked like cranberry jelly and there was alot of it. Other than that she seemed ok, and was fasted for 24 hours, and recovered well. No reocurrance immediately.. .. The it repeated, and repeated. Vet did lots of tests, including opening her up, examining her guts and biopsies- results were nil!. In between bouts she was well and ebergetic. Eventually she was treated with Metridaznole. Within hours she was lethargic, not eating.She saw vet and she was admitted onto a drip for 24 hours, which seemed to improve her. However by the next day she had gone down again, so back to vet and the drip. up again, came home and down overnight.During her time at home she was with me on the settee full time. She didn't eat, had to be syringed with water., was very unsteady on her feet, and totally disorientated/ confused. When taken outside to pee, she stood vaguely looking about not recognising what she had to do or where she was. After 5 days of daytime at vets on drip and home at night,when both the vet and myself agreed we were losing this battle, I suddenly had a wake up call- I googled the drug- Dear God why hadn't I done that sooner! Its all there. I stopped dosing her immediately. spoke with my vet , who agreed my course of action and waited... Within 24 hours she was begining to recover. In no way do I blame my vet who was and is excellent. He had never experienced a dog reacting to this drug. Alice is now 8 years old. You could say fit and well. We had her food allergy tested 18 months ago, and she reacts to dairy , potatoes and rabbit. She is not given these, but still continues to have periodic bouts of cranberry jelly poo. On these days she looks miserable, her eyewhites seem a little inflamed, and she sensibly refuses all food, but still wants to execise with the others (but isn't allowed to!). She sees the vet from time to time, bit we have yet to come up with an explanation for the condition. My advice to anyone thinking of using Metrodizanol on their dogs- be very careful. If you have ANY adverse reactions- STOP Immediately- don't wait for it to go wrong. Its too late then I So very nearly lost ALice. This drug is not licensed for animal use, maybe it should be withdrawn from animal use. I wonder what is the legal position ?
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chihuahua mix
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William
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2 Years
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2 found this helpful

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2 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Lethargic - Though Improving Some -
Won'T Drink Or Eat
My 11 pound dog had 5 doses of metronidazole (1/2 250 mg 2x per day). He was prescribed this for 10 days. After the 5th dose, he stopped eating (even on Thanksgiving!) and will not even drink water on his own. He still is somewhat playful - he has spurts of energy - and he is excited about going outside on a leash. My vet won't be open until Monday and it's only Friday.
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Labrador Retriever
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Roxy Roo
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13 Years
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1 found this helpful

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1 found this helpful

My pet has the following symptoms:
Loss Of Appetite
Lethargic
Tremors
Anxiety
Nasal Clear Drainage
Flagyl Tox
My 83 lb Lab was treated with Flagyl 500 mg 2x day. I could never actually get her to take the 2 within a 24 hour period, which I thank God for now. She was being treated for giardia. She had already been somewhat lethargic but had some playful moments, however on about day 5 of the meds, I noticed she couldn’t quite get comfortable, seemed miserable. She was laying down in places she never laid down, pacing, and seemed really confused. Last night she got worse with these symptoms and refused to stay anywhere more than a minute (literally) I got her in the bed and shut the bedroom door and just held her and rocked her in the bed laying beside her for a good hour. I gave her some children’s benedryl and that helped take the edge off as well. It was after the 1 hour of holding that I was able to break loose to give it to her. Also, her appetite has been horrible so I’ve been feeding her anything she would eat, which was turkey franks. She normally always wants a bite of popsicle but wouldn’t even eat that. Tonight she is better somewhat...no more jumping down every minute, but still weirdo acting. I am pushing pedialyte via syring in mouth, and she drinks some too. We are in a location that it’s impossible to get to a vet before Friday. Is there anything else I can do to help get this medication out of her system? Thank you.
Metronidazole (Flagyl) Toxicity Average Cost
From 569 quotes ranging from $200 - $1,000
Average Cost
$350
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