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- Vocalizations, such as meowing, chirping, or yowling, that are much more frequent and louder than normal.
- Rolling or rubbing on objects, people, or other animals.
- Kneading the ground or objects with either front or back paws.
- Raising the hindquarters and tail while lying on the ground, particularly if petting is near the rump.
- Slight swelling or puffiness of the external vulva or vaginal area
- Receptive to mating behaviors displayed by a male cat, or “tom”, such as biting of the neck, mounting, or even allowing the tom to complete the full act of mating.
- Between 4-6 months of age, the ovaries begin producing the hormones progesterone and estrogen.
- The cycle of estrus can be brought on by longer daylight hours, usually during early to mid-spring.
- During the pre-estrus period, or “proestrus”, the female cat’s body begins secreting hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen, that will bring on the fertile time in her cycle.
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate – Given as a single injection, or in tablet form. Oral medication is administered until the queen is no longer in estrus.
- Suprelorin – A long-acting chemical suppressant, this is administered through a subcutaneous implant that lasts between 8-12 months. It is considered generally safe and effective for queens, but can also be administered to toms as well.
- Melatonin – Administered orally or via injection, melatonin may suppress estrus by mimicking hormone levels present in the queen’s body during times of limited sunlight.
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